Induksi Somatic Embriogenesis dan Kultur Suspensi Sel Pada Tanaman Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume)
DOI:
10.25047/agriprima.v6i2.448Published:
Sep 30, 2022Issue:
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): SEPTEMBERKeywords:
NAA, Cell suspension culture, Somatic embryogenesis (SE), porangArticles
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Abstract
Porang adalah tanaman yang tumbuh di daerah tropis dibawah tegakan hutan. Porang termasuk tanaman komersial banyak diminati oleh masyarakat karena mengandung glukomanan yang cukup tinggi. Kebutuhan bibit melalui katak dan umbi relative mahal dalam budidaya porang sehingga dengan pendekatan kultur jaringan melalui Somatic Embryogenesis (SE) dan suspensi sel untuk perbanyakan masal bibit porang sangat memungkinkan. Hasil SE digunakan untuk kultur suspensi sel agar menghasilkan bibit dalam jumlah banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan SE dalam jumlah banyak sebagai bahan kultur suspensi sel. Perbanyakan SE menggunakan Rancangan Acak lengkap (RAL) factorial, factor pertama konsentrasi NAA dengan konsentrasi 0,5 ppm, 1 ppm, dan 1,5 ppm. Factor kedua konsentrasi 2,4-D konsentrasi 1 ppm dan 2 ppm sehingga terdapat 6 kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Hasil SE terbaik selanjutnya dikultur suspensi sel menggunakan hormon NAA 0,25 ml di-shaker selama 8 minggu diinkubasi pada kondisi gelap. Parameter pengamatan terdiri dari kedinian munculnya kalus, persentase kalus, struktur, warna kalus, proliferasi kalus, histologi kalus, respon hasil suspensi, proliferasi kalus hasil kultur suspensi. Data dianalisis menggunakan DMRT pada taraf 5%, sedangkan parameter suspensi sel dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian SE terbaik pada perlakuan kombinasi 1 ppm NAA + 2 ppm 2,4-D menghasilkan persentase kalus tertinggi yaitu 90%, warna kalus dengan skoring 5Y 8/6 berwarna putih susu yang remah. Hasil kultur suspensi menggunakan hormon NAA dengan konsesntrasi 0,25 ppm menunjukkan pertumbuhan kalus tertinggi yaitu dengan menghitung volume endapan kalus terjadi pada fase eksponensial (7 minggu inkubasi) mencapai 3,67 ml.
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Author Biographies
Didik Pudji Restanto, Universitas Jember
Veronenci Yuliarbi Farlisa, Universitas Jember
Parawita Dewanti, Universitas Jember
Kacung Hariyono, Universitas Jember
Tri Handoyo, Universitas Jember
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Copyright (c) 2022 Didik Pudji Restanto, Veronenci Yuliarbi Farlisa, Parawita Dewanti, Kacung Hariyono, Tri Handoyo (Author)
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