Analisis Daya Gabung dan Aksi Gen Jagung (Zea mays L) menggunakan Rancangan Perkawinan Line x Tester
DOI:
10.25047/agriprima.v6i2.492Issue:
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): SEPTEMBERKeywords:
aksi gen, daya gabung umum, daya gabung khusus, jagungArticles
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Abstract
Nilai daya gabung digunakan untuk pemilihan tetua dan mendapatkan informasi yang diperlukan tentang aksi gen untuk mengendalikan sifat tanaman. Daya gabung umum (DGU) berhubungan dengan aksi gen aditif. Daya gabung khusus (DGK) berhubungan dengan aksi gen non aditif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui DGU dan DGK serta aksi gen hasil persilangan jagung menggunakan rancangan perkawinan line x tester. Informasi yang diperoleh sebagai acuan dalam pengembangan perbaikan populasi jagung yang berdaya hasil tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Bendo, Kecamatan Pare, Kabupaten Kediri. Bahan genetik yang digunakan yaitu 4 tetua line (A, B, C, D), 4 tetua tester (E, F, G, H) koleksi genetik Universitas Brawijaya dan 16 hasil kombinasi persilangan. Disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok, diulang 3 kali. Karakter yang diamati meliputi umur silking (HST), umur tasselling (HST), umur panen (HST), bobot tongkol perplot (kg), potensi hasil (ton ha-1), tinggi tanaman (cm), tinggi letak tongkol (cm), panjang tongkol (cm), (cm), diameter tongkol (cm), jumlah baris biji, bobot tongkol tanpa klobot (g), bobot biji pertongkol (g), bobot 100 biji (g), rendemen (%), kadar air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa line A, B dan tester F memiliki nilai DGU baik pada karakter komponen hasil dan hasil. Galur tersebut bisa digunakan sebagai tetua penyusun dalam perakitan varietas sintetik. Kombinasi persilangan AxG, DXG, BxG, BxE, CxH., AxE, AxH menghasilkan nilai DGK baik pada karakter hasil dan komponen hasil. Dari data tersebut varian DGK secara umum lebih tinggi dibandingkan varian DGU yang mengindikasikan bahwa aksi gen non-aditif lebih mendominasi pewarisan sebagian besar karakter komponen hasil dan hasil.
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Author Biography
Lily Dasinta Norasary Putri, Universitas Brawijaya
Program Studi Agronomy
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Copyright (c) 2022 Lily Dasinta Norasary Putri, Darmawan Saptadi, Budi Waluyo (Author)
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