Peran Kalium dan Kalsium Pada Peningkatan Kualitas dan Masa Simpan Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum var. servo)
DOI:
10.25047/agriprima.v3i2.173Issue:
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2019): SEPTEMBERKeywords:
Tomat, Varietas Servo, Kualitas, Masa SimpanArticles
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Abstract
Tomat memiliki karakteristik mudah mengalami kerusakan. Kerusakan fisiologis pada produk buah tomat dapat disebabkan oleh kualitas dalam buah dan atribut sensorik yang kurang baik sehingga rentan terjadi kerusakan. Kehilangan produksi tomat saat panen di negara-negara berkembang mencapai 50% karena lamanya distribusi tomat. Varietas servo banyak diminati oleh petani karena memiliki beberapa keunggulan yaitu, produktivitasnya yang tinggi dan bobot buah yang besar. Kekurangan varietas servo tomat adalah umur simpan buah yang singkat, yaitu hanya 7 hari setelah panen. Umur simpan yang singkat dipengaruhi oleh ketebalan daging buah dan kelunakan buah. Dalam meningkatkan kualitas dan umur simpan tomat, nutrisi kalium (K) berperan dalam translokasi fotosintesis, memperkuat dinding sel dan terlibat dalam proses lignifikasi jaringan sklerenkim. Tomat merupakan produk yang memiliki tingkat respirasi tinggi yang dipengaruhi oleh etilen. Produksi etilen dapat dihambat oleh aplikasi kalsium (Ca) secara eksogen dengan memperkuat mekanisme dinding sel dan dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas terhadap kerusakan fisiologis. Berdasarkan perlakuan penelitian ini, kualitas dan varietas tomat meningkat.
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Author Biographies
Puguh Catur Wicaksana, Universitas Jember
Ketut Anom Wijaya, Universitas Jember
Sigit Soeparjono, Universitas Jember
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