Perbedaan Karakter Agronomi dan Morfologi Tanaman Anggrek Dendrobium Transgenik pada Event T42 dan Wild type
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Abstract
Tanaman transgenik hasil transformasi gen Sucrose Phosphate Synthase 1 (SoSPS1) telah diperoleh dan memiliki pertumbuhan yang berbeda dengan wild type namun belum dilakukan karakterisasi agronomi dan morfologi pada tanaman transgenik tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh transformasi gen SoSPS1 terhadap karakter agronomi dan morfologi anggrek Dendrobium transgenik. Penelitian dilakukan melalui eksperimen dengan cara membandingkan planlet transgenik yang membawa gen SoSPS1 dan planlet non-transgenik berdasarkan karakter pertumbuhan vegetatif yang meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah akar, panjang akar, serta biomassa tanaman. Data dianalisis secara statistik untuk mengetahui perbedaan respons pertumbuhan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transformasi gen SoSPS1 meningkatkan pertumbuhan planlet anggrek yang ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan tinggi tanaman yakni 128% , jumlah daun 46%, luas daun 162%, panjang akar 93% serta jumlah akar 60,6%, dan penurunan jumlah tunas 15,92% dibandingkan tanaman wild type. Peningkatan tersebut diduga berkaitan dengan meningkatnya aktivitas enzim SPS yang memacu akumulasi sukrosa sebagai sumber karbon sekaligus molekul sinyal yang mendukung fotosintesis, pembelahan sel, perkembangan sistem perakaran, dan pertumbuhan tajuk. Dengan demikian, transformasi gen SoSPS1 berpotensi meningkatkan vigor planlet anggrek melalui optimalisasi sintesis sukrosa sehingga dapat menjadi salah satu strategi dalam mendukung pengembangan bibit anggrek yang memiliki pertumbuhan vegetatif lebih baik.
Keywords:
anggrek pertumbuhan SoSPS1 sukrosa transgenikReferences
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