Variasi Kerentanan dan Kerusakan Serealia setelah Infestasi Hama Kumbang Bubuk (Sitophilus oryzae L.) Berdasarkan Kadar Air
DOI:
10.25047/agriprima.v6i1.443Issue:
Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): MARCHKeywords:
indekx kerentanan, kadar air, kerusakan serealia, serealia, Sitophilus oryzaeArticles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Abstract
Hama kumbang bubuk, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) merupakan hama primer dan menyebabkan kerusakan yang berbeda pada serealia sehingga menentukan tingkat kerentanannya selama penyimpanan. Kerusakan serealia selama di penyimpanan dipengaruhi oleh kadar air. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari variasi kerentanan dan kerusakan serealia setelah infestasi S. oryzae berdasarkan kadar air. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam bentuk faktorial pola Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan jenis serealia dan kadar air. Perlakuan kadar air yaitu 12% dan 14%, sedangkan jenis serealia yaitu sorgum, beras putih, beras ketan hitam, beras ketan putih, dan jagung. Parameter pengamatan yaitu jumlah F1, median waktu perkembangan, indeks kerentanan, dan susut berat serealia. Analisis data hasil penelitian menggunakan analisis ragam dan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 0,05. Untuk mengukur kekuatan hubungan antar parameter pengamatan ditentukan dengan analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air 14% dapat meningkatkan jumlah F1, indeks kerentanan, susut berat serealia serta median waktu perkembangan yang singkat. Katagori kerentanan serelia bervariasi dari moderat sampai sangat rentan. Jumlah F1, indeks kerentanan, susut berat paling tinggi dan median waktu perkembangan paling singkat dijumpai pada beras ketan hitam. Beras ketan hitam dengan kadar air 12 dan 14% dapat meningkatkan jumlah F1, indeks kerentanan, susut berat serealia serta median waktu perkembangan yang singkat serta kerentanannya tergolong rentan-sangat rentan sampai sangat rentan
References
Antunes, C., Mendes, R., Lima, A., Barros, G., Fields, P., Da Costa, L.B., Rodriques, J.C., Silva, M.J., Correia, A.M., & Carvalho. M.O. (2016). Resistance of rice varieties to the stored-product insect, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 109(1), 445–453. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tov260 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tov260
Astuti, L.P., Mudjiono, G., Rasminah, S.C., & Rahardjo, B.T. (2021). The physical and biochemical characteristics of resistance in different rice varieties and initial moisture content for their susceptibility to Rhyzopertha dominica F. (coleoptera: Bostrichidae). Walailak Journal of Science and Technology, 18(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2021.6754 DOI: https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2021.6754
Booroto, L.A., Goo, N., & Noya, S.H. (2017). Populasi imago Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) pada beberapa jenis beras asal Desa Wainital Kecamatan Kairatu. Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian, 13(1), 36−41. https://doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2017.13.1.36 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2017.13.1.36
Caneppele, M.A.B., Caneppele, C., Lázzari, F.A., Lázzari, S.M.N. (2003). Correlation between the infestation level of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, 1855 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and the quality factors of stored corn, Zea mays L. (Poaceae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 47(4), 625−630. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0085-56262003000400015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262003000400015
Campbell, J.F. (2002). Influence of seed size on exploitation by the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae. Journal of Insect Behavior, 15(3), 429–445. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016225427886 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016225427886
Dharmaputra, O.S., Ambarwati, S., & Retnowati, I. (2012). Postharvest quality improvement of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) grains. Biotropica, 19(2), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.11598/btb.2012.19.2.255 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11598/btb.2012.19.2.255
Dobie, P. (1974). The laboratory assessment of the inherent susceptibility of maize varieties to post-harvest infestation by Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 10(3–4), 183–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-474X(74)90006-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-474X(74)90006-X
Goftishu, M & Belete, K. (2014). Susceptibility of sorghum varieties to the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(31), 2419–2426. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.8634 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2014.8634
Gvozdenac, S., Tanasković, S., Vukajlović, F., Prvulović, D., Ovuka, J., Višacki, V., & Sedlar, A. (2020). Host and ovipositional preference of rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) depending on feeding experience. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 18(5), 6663–6673. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1805_66636673 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1805_66636673
Hendrival & Meutia, R. (2016). Pengaruh periode penyimpanan beras terhadap pertumbuhan populasi Sitophilus oryzae (L.) dan kerusakan beras. Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 4(1), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.24252/bio.v4i2.2514 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24252/bio.v4i2.2514
Hendrival & Mayasari, E. (2017). Kerentanan dan kerusakan beras terhadap serangan hama pascapanen Sitophilus zeamais L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Jurnal Agro, 4(2), 68–79. https://doi.org/10.15575/1616 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/1616
Hendrival & Melinda, L. (2017). Pengaruh kepadatan populasi Sitophilus oryzae (L.) terhadap pertumbuhan populasi dan kerusakan beras. Biospecies, 10(1), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.22437/biospecies.v10i1.3484 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22437/biospecies.v10i1.3484
Hendrival, Khaidir, Afzal, A., & Rahmaniah. (2018). Kerentanan beras asal padi lokal dataran tinggi Aceh terhadap hama pascapanen Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Jurnal Agroteknologi, 8(2), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.24014/ja.v8i2.3357 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24014/ja.v8i2.3357
Hendrival. Putra, R.L., & Aryani, D.S. (2019a). Susceptibility of sorghum cultivars to Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) during storage. Planta Tropika: Jurnal Agrosains (Journal of Agro Science), 7(2), 110–116. https://doi.org/10.18196/pt.2019.100.110-116 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/pt.2019.100.110-116
Hendrival, Khaidir, & Nurhasanah. (2019b). Pertumbuhan populasi Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) dan karakteristik kehilangan bobot pada beras. Jurnal Agrista, 23(2), 64–75. http://jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/agrista/article/view/16690/12219
Hendrival, Afriani, D., & Aryani, D.S. (2019c). Susceptibility and damage cereals to infestation Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in storage. Jurnal Agro, 6(1), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.15575/4276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/4276
Kamsiati, E., Darmawati, E., & Haryadi, Y. (2013). Screening varietas padi lokal Kalimantan Tengah terhadap serangan Sitophilus oryzae selama penyimpanan. Pangan, 22(2), 345–356. https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v27i2.366 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v27i2.366
Lalujan, L.E., Djarkasi, G.S.S., Tuju, T.J.N., Rawung, D., & Sumual, M.F. (2017). Komposisi kimia dan gizi jagung lokal varietas Manado Kuning sebagai bahan pangan pengganti beras. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, 8(1), 47−54. https://doi.org/10.35791/jteta.8.1.2017.16351
Likhayo, P., Bruce, A.Y., Tefera, T., & Mueke, J. (2018). Maize grain stored in hermetic bags: effect of moisture and pest infestation on grain quality. Journal of Food Quality, vol. 2018, Article ID 2515698: 9 Halaman. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2515698 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2515698
Longstaff, B.C. (1981). Biology of the grain pest species of the Genus Sitophilus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): a critical review. Protection Ecology, 2, 82−130. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19810587510
Perisic, V., Vukajlovic, F.N., Predojevic, D.Z., Lukovic, K., Prisic, V., Pesic, S., & Rajicic, V. (2018). Feeding preferences and progeny production of Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius 1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in small grains. Biologica Nyssana, 9(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1470852
Rini, S.F. & Hendrival. (2017). Kajian kerentanan beras dari padi gogo lokal Jambi terhadap Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Jurnal biogenesis, 5(1), 14–18. https://doi.org/10.24252/bio.v5i1.3428 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24252/bio.v5i1.3428
Romadani, F.P. & Hendrival. (2018). Kajian kerentanan dan kerusakan beras lokal Provinsi Sumatera Selatan terhadap hama pascapanen Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Jurnal Biota, 4(2), 90–97. https://doi.org/10.19109/biota.v4i2.2104 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19109/Biota.v4i2.2104
Silhacek, D., & Murphy, C. (2008). Moisture content in a wheat germ diet and its effect on the growth of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner). Journal of Stored Products Research, 44(1), 36–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2006.03.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2006.03.004
Subagio, H. & Aqil, M. (2013). Pengembangan produksi sorgum di Indonesia. M. Yasin, A. Noor, Suryana, A. Hasbianto, N. Amali, & Y. Pribadi (Penyunting). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Inovasi Teknologi Pertanian Kalimantan Selatan. Banjarbaru, 26–27 Maret 2013. BPTP Kalimatan Selatan. Hlm. 199–214. http://kalsel.litbang.pertanian.go.id/ind/images/pdf/prosiding/20%20herman.pdf
Suleiman, R., Rosentrater, K.A., & Bern, C.T. (2015). Evaluation of maize weevils Sitophilus zeamais Motshulsky Infestation on seven varieties of maize. Journal of Stored Products Research, 64, 97–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2015.09.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2015.09.005
Zunjare, R., Hossain, F., Muthusamy, V., Jha, S.K., Kumar, P., Sekhar, J.C., Thirunavukkarasu, N. & Gupta, H.S. (2016). Genetic variability among exotic and indigenous maize inbreds for resistance to stored grain weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L.) infestation. Cogent Food and Agriculture, 2, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2015.1137156 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2015.1137156
Author Biographies
Hendrival, Universitas Malikussaleh
Rika Khairunnisa, Universitas Malikussaleh
Muhammad Muaz Munawwar, Universitas Samudra
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Hendrival, Rika Khairunnisa, Muhammad Muaz Munawwar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
