Induksi Kalus Morfogenik dan Regenerasi Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) secara In Vitro
DOI:
10.25047/agriprima.v5i1.380Published:
Mar 31, 2021Issue:
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): MARCHKeywords:
Kalus, in vitro, regenerasi, tebuArticles
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Abstract
Propagasi in vitro merupakan cara memperoleh tanaman baru yang sehat secara cepat dan massal, Percobaan in vitro dilaksanakan untuk menginduksi kalus morfogenik dan regenerasi dari varietas tebu domestik. Bagian terdalam gulungan daun tebu digunakan sebagai eksplan dan diinkubasi pada medium MS yang dimodifikasi dan dilengkapi dengan 2,4-D pada konsentrasi 1 mg/l, 2.5 mg/l, dan 5 mg/l untuk menginduksi pembentukan kalus. Kalus yang terbentuk di medium induksi selanjutnya dipindahkan ke medium MS yang diperkaya dengan zat pengatur tumbuh untuk inisiasi dan perbanyakan tunas. Persentase pembentukan kalus tertinggi dicapai pada penggunaan medium yang mengandung 2.5 mg/l 2,4-D dan maksimal proliferasi kalus morfogenik diperoleh setelah subkultur ketiga. Dua tipe kalus yang terbentuk pada medium induksi yaitu berstruktur kering, remah dan struktur halus kompak. Jenis kalus yang morfogenik tersebut berwarna putih dan putih kekuningan serta mudah terpisah-pisah. Hasil proliferasi tunas dari kalus tertinggi diperoleh pada medium MS dengan kombinasi hormon tumbuh 2 mg/l Kinetin + 1 mg/l IAA dan tidak ada pertumbuhan tunas pada medium yang ditambahkan zat pengatur tumbuh tunggal, yaitu Kinetin. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa hormon tumbuh jenis sitokinin yang dikombinasi dengan auksin sangat dibutuhkan untuk regenerasi kalus tebu secara in vitro.
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Author Biographies
Sitti Inderiati, table_open_cache
Jurusan Produksi Pertanian
FNU Yanti, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkep
Eka Ria Mentari, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkep
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